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Q1What do you know about AIDS? How is it different from other chronic illnesses? What is the difference between HIV and AIDS?

Q2Discuss modes of transmission of HIV/AIDS.

For many years (and in many places this continues) AIDS was a terminal rather than a chronic illness so it's different in that way. It is a syndrome so there are many different diseases that it actually includes.

The HIV virus itself has not been shown to kill directly. What it does is incapacitate the immune system which allows a number of other pathogens (disease causers) to proliferate.

AIDS is defined as the state of certain of these pathogens becoming active or the immune system being sufficiently damaged for this to be imminent without treatment (defined using a blood test result for T cell numbers - T cells, also called CD4 cells and T4 cells, are a kind of immunity defence). The diseases include a potentially fatal skin cancer called kaposi's sarcoma, a kind of potentially fatal pneumonia caused by a fungus, a disease which among other things attacks the eyes and quite a few others.

HIV is the virus and AIDS is the disease which it can cause. It is not very contagious, contrary to popular belief. It is usual transmitted by sustained direct transmission of sperm, blood or semen between people during penetrative sex without condoms or other barriers or the sharing of needles by intravenous drug users. It may also be transmitted to the foetus during pregnancy or birth and to children via breast milk. Formerly it was transmitted via blood transfusions and blood products. As a result haemophiliacs were especially susceptible.

Q1

AIDS has already killed millions of people, millions more continue to become infected with HIV, and there's no cure 鈥?so AIDS will be around for a while yet. AIDS is one of the biggest problems facing the world today and nobody is beyond its reach.

AIDS is a medical condition. People develop AIDS because HIV has damaged their natural defences against disease.

HIV is a virus. Viruses infect the cells that make up the human body and replicate (make new copies of themselves) within those cells. A virus can also damage human cells, which is one of the things that can make a person ill.

Q2
The AIDS virus can be spread in many ways. AIDS can be transmitted by direct contact of bodily fluids from an infected male or female. The AIDS infected blood contaminates uninfected blood. The three most common methods of transmission are: sexual activity such as sexual intercourse (blood to semen contact), oral or anal sex; blood transfusions of infected blood; and the sharing of intravenous needles which may have contaminated blood still in them.

The virus cannot be contracted in many of the ways people think it can. There is a very low concentration of the virus in tears and saliva, so these cases of transmission are very rare. There are no known cases of transmission through mosquitoes or any other animals.

Another common way of AIDS transmission is mother to child transmission. The virus can be transmitted to the child from the mother before or during the delivery of the baby. The other mother to child transmission case is through the breast milk that he/she is fed in the early stages of the child's life. At this time, there is no cure for this deadly virus, but by using forms of prevention that are described further into the page, you can lessen the chance of contracting AIDS.