What are the factors that make HIV transmission less risky by oral sex as opposed to other means of sex?

It depends on if the person with HIV is performing oral sex or receiving oral sex.

If an HIV positive person performs oral sex on an HIV negative person, the HIV negative person will be safe because saliva doesn't contain enough HIV to transmit to the other person. There is still a small chance of blood being in the mouth of the HIV positive person, but this is very rare.

If the situation is reversed and an HIV negative person performs oral sex on an HIV positive person, the risk is higher because the sex fluids (semen, pre-ejaculatory fluid, and vaginal secretions) do contain enough HIV to transmit to another person. Additionally, there doesn't have to be a cut in the person's mouth: HIV can pass through the lining of the mouth. But it's still less risky than anal or vaginal sex because the fluid usually gets swallowed or spit out relatively quickly.

I hope this is the information you wanted.

i think with the oral sex a cut will have to be on the mouth or the sex organ as compered to the normal sex

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